How to Explain Number Bonds to Your Child: Parts, Whole, and Related Facts

A number bond is a picture of a relationship: a whole amount can be made from smaller parts. It is not only a picture for facts that make 10.

Begin with the whole

Ask, “Which number is the whole?” Then let the child build, point to, or draw the parts. The child’s explanation is more useful than a quickly filled-in missing circle.

Connect objects, sketches, and equations

Use counters or dots, then draw the same relationship, then record an equation. This keeps notation connected to a quantity the child can describe.

Use the class model when it matters

Classes use different words and representations. If the worksheet is unclear or introduces a new model, check a classroom example or ask the teacher rather than guessing.

Parent guide to number bonds, make ten, and bar models · Make ten for addition